There are reasonable grounds to believe that the person is involved in the execution of criminal orders of the military leadership of the Russian Federation to abduct local residents, illegally detain them for 43 days in inhumane conditions (without proper provision of water, food, medical care and sanitary conditions), use torture, physical and psychological violence (in particular, causing bodily harm and mock executions to intimidate and extract confessions)

It is noteworthy that 166 States have defined at least one of the four crimes upon which universal jurisdiction can be exercised war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and torture as crimes in their national law (International Justice Resource Center, n.d., para. 5)

AliveIbrievTimurAdmanovichLieutenant, employee, Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Chechen RepublicBeing a member of one of the units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Chechen Republic (call sign "Talib"), acting by prior conspiracy of a group of persons, he directly participated in the occupation of Ukrainian territories, illegal deprivation of liberty, inhuman treatment and torture of civilians

War criminal Putin can only wage a vile and terroristic war against civilians, women and children

Overnight, a massive Russian missile and drone attack on Kyiv killed 22 people and injured at least 100 others, damaging residential buildings and civilian infrastructure as rescue operations continue

Thus, at the very least,giventhe heightened risks of complicity in war crimes and crimes against humanity in Russias widespread and systematic attack on civilians in Ukraine, this must involve more than the mere auditing risks but must also include an independent and impartial investigation to robustly assess the risksandany violationsandassociated harm

The ICC can prosecute individuals for crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide, and since 2018, the crime of aggression (Akande Tzanakopoulos, 2018)

On the same day, Khan announced that he would open investigations into possible war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide on the territory of Ukraine committed by any individual since the 21st of November 2013

The ICC investigates crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide in Ukraine The court does not have jurisdiction over the crime of aggression in Ukraine, which is bound to ICC member states or UN Security Council referral The crime of aggression is the core crime that enabled the following crimes It is the only crime that can be realistically linked to the Russian leadership and used to hold senior government officials accountableThe ICC will not gain jurisdiction over this crime for the Ukraine War in the future as it is inapplicable retrospectively

This is hugely problematic as the crime of aggression is considered the mother crime that enabled the following potential war crimes, genocide, or crimes against humanity later during the Ukraine War (Speri, 2022, para. 9)